Further discussion on the asian reforms in premodern times
Main Article Content
Abstract
In the late nineteenth century, most Asian countries had to face a critical choice: reforming to integrate into the progressive world or closing to maintain the old order under the pressure from the West. In such a context, several Asian countries carried out a number of reforms as a temporary measure to overcome their difficulties and deal with the wave of invasion from the West. The reforms were not only the key to the dominance of the local dynasties, but also a turning point in these countries’ history. The three most typical reforms were in Japan (1868-1912), Thailand (1868-1910), China (1898) in the Pacific-Asia.
Article Details
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Keywords
Reform, door-opening, Meiji, Chulalongkorn
References
[2]. Wen, Ch‘ing-his (1966), The Chinese reform movement of 1898, (Thesis) University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b3194663, p. 4-5.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Duy Quang Hien, The main achievements of the political reform of the Prussian Kingdom (1807-1821) , Dong Thap University Journal of Science: No. 26 (2017): Part A - Social Sciences and Humanities