Phát triển năng lực giải quyết vấn đề toán học cho học sinh lớp 12 thông qua dạy học chuyên đề ứng dụng toán học giải các bài toán tối ưu

Abstract

The objective of this study is to propose pedagogical measures to develop the mathematical problem-solving competency of 12th-grade students through the topic “Applications of Mathematics in Solving Optimization Problems”. The research employed a questionnaire survey combined with observation on a sample of 25 teachers and 322 students in An Giang province. Based on the 2018 General Education Curriculum for Mathematics and relevant studies, the paper identifies four manifestations of mathematical problem-solving competency that are relevant to the teaching and learning of this topic. Based on the survey findings regarding students’ difficulties in solving optimization problems, the paper proposes three pedagogical measures: (1) engaging students in analyzing real-world situations to develop their ability to recognize and identify problems and process relevant information; (2) using visual tools and GeoGebra software to support the exploration of solution approaches; and (3) training students to identify and correct errors in the problem-solving process. These proposed measures are expected to contribute to improving teaching effectiveness and developing students’ mathematical problem-solving competency.