Nam tính Trung Hoa: Mô hình quân tử và những biến đổi

Abstract

Chinese masculinity is not a fixed entity but has continuously evolved throughout different historical periods. Among its various forms, the junzi masculinity has played a crucial role in shaping the ideal male model. This study combines historical-cultural analysis and discourse analysis to examine the formation, maintenance, and reconstruction of the junzi model, while also evaluating how it has been reinterpreted in different political, economic, and cultural contexts. The main findings indicate that although the junzi ideal continues to exert influence in Chinese society, it has been challenged and redefined. Specially, over the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), the junzi was completely eliminated from political discourse. The ideal form of masculinity was no longer the Confucian scholar but was instead replaced by the model of the worker and the revolutionary soldier. Today, this masculine model continues to hybridize with modern elements, integrating intellectualism, business, and nationalism. This transformation reflects how China has adapted its masculine norms to align with contemporary societal changes.