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Mekong Delta Natural Science Conference
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Le, T. T. X., Nguyen, M. T., Nguyen, P. T., Le, T. B., & Pham, T. K. P. (2025). Preparing the material from the coconut trunk (Cocos nucifera L.) to adsorb congo red in aqueous. Dong Thap University Journal of Science, 14(04S), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.52714/dthu.14.04S.2025.1569
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Preparing the material from the coconut trunk (Cocos nucifera L.) to adsorb congo red in aqueous
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this study, coconut trunks were used to prepare the materials. Material characteristics, such as surface area, structure, and morphology, were determined using BET, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM methods. BET results showed that when coconut tree powder is heated at high temperatures, organic compounds decompose, creating many pores, increasing the surface area (the sample heated at 900 oC has a specific surface area of 535.156 m²/g). The material's morphological structure through SEM images showed that the material surface is rough, with many voids and cubic shapes, so that the Congo Red molecules can be adsorbed on the material’s surface. The adsorption capacity (qe) survey reached the highest value of 57.92 mg/g at a concentration of 135 ppm, the qmax value was 65.7895 (mg/g), the KL constant was 0.383 (l/mg) with the correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9987, the Congo red adsorption isotherm on the material followed the Langmuir isotherm model, the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation.
Keywords
Adsorption material, Coconut trunks, Congo red
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
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Vũ, Đ. H, & Bùi, H. B. (2019). Chiết xuất SiO2 tinh khiết từ tro nhà máy nhiệt điện than. Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Mỏ - Địa chất, 60(1), 26-33. https://jmes.humg.edu.vn/images/paper/4._Vu_Dinh_Hieu_26-33.pdf
Xu, W., Cai, B., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Peng, H. (2024). The biochar derived from pecan shells for the removal of congo red: the effects of temperature and heating rate. Molecules, 29, 5532. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29235532
Yang, G., Wu, L., Xian, Q., Shen, F., Wu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Removal of Congo red and methylene blue from aqueous solutions by vermicompost-derived biochars. PLoS One, 11, 154562. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154562
Zhang, L., Tu, L. Y., Liang, Y., Chen, Q., Li, Z. S., Li, C. H., ... & Li, W. (2018). Coconut-based activated carbon fibers for efficient adsorption of various organic dyes. RSC Advances, 8, 42280-42291. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA08990F
Aminu, I., Gumel, S. M., Ahmad, W. A., & Idris, A. A. (2020). Adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies of congo-red removal from waste water using activated carbon prepared from jujube seed. American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 11, 47. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2020.111004
Cárdenas-Aguiar, E., Méndez, A., Gascó, G., Lado, M., & Paz-González, A. (2024). The effects of feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and residence time on the properties and uses of biochar from broom and gorse wastes. Applied Sciences, 14, 4283. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/10/4283#
Dehkhoda, A. M., Ellis, N., & Gyenge, E. (2013). Electrosorption on activated biochar: effect of thermo-chemical activation treatment on the electric double layer capacitance. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 44(1), 141-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-013-0616-4
Gupta, V. K., & Suhas. (2009). Application of low-cost adsorbents for dye removal – A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(8), 2313–2342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.11.017
Hua, Z., Pan, Y., & Hong, Q. (2023). Adsorption of Congo red dye in water by orange peel biochar modified with CTAB. RSC advances, 13, 12502-12508. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA01444D
Huang, X., Yu, F., Peng, Q., & Huang, Y. (2018). Superb adsorption capacity of biochar derived from leather shavings for Congo red. RSC advances, 8, 29781-29788. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA06370B
Liu, Y., Zhao, X., Li, J., Ma, D., & Han, R. (2012). Characterization of bio-char from pyrolysis of wheat straw and its evaluation on methylene blue adsorption. Desalination and Water Treatment, 46(1-3), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.677408
Mall, I. D., Srivastava, V. C., Agarwal, N. K., & Mishra, I. M. (2005). Removal of congo red from aqueous solution by bagasse fly ash and activated carbon: kinetic study and equilibrium isotherm analyses. Chemosphere, 61, 492-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.065
Namasivayam, C., & Kavitha, D. (2002). Removal of Congo Red from water by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from coir pith, an agricultural solid waste. Dyes and pigments, 54, 47-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7208(02)00025-6
Pielesz, A. (1999). The process of the reduction of azo dyes used in dyeing textiles on the basis of infrared spectroscopy analysis. Journal of molecular structure, 511, 337-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2860(99)00176-3
Ponnusamy, S. K., & Subramaniam, R. (2013). Process optimization studies of Congo red dye adsorption onto cashew nut shell using response surface methodology. International Journal of Industrial Chemistry, 4, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2228-5547-4-17
Purkait, M. K., Maiti, A., Dasgupta, S., & De, S. (2007). Removal of congo red using activated carbon and its regeneration. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 145, 287-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.021
Smaranda, C., Gavrilescu, M., & Bulgariu, D. (2011). Studies on sorption of Congo Red from aqueous solution onto soil. International Journal of Environmental Research, 5, 177-188. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijer.2010.303
Thanh, N. N., Tung, N. T., Anh, N. V., Chung, N. T., & Thinh, N. N. (2022). Removal of congo red dye from aqueous solution using nano ZnO/chitosan composite. Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption, 11, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.51316/jca.2022.070
Thắm, N. T. H., Uyên, Đ. T. T., Phúc, Đ. H., & Phúc, N. Đ. (2019). Nghiên cứu tổng hợp và ảnh hưởng của nồng độ dung dịch đến khả năng hấp phụ Congo Red của vật liệu từ tính graphit tróc nở EG@CoFe2O4. Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Trường Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành, 2, 7-12. https://doi.org/10.55401/b0zfbm38
Thu, L. D., & Hoang, T. V. (2021). Study on the adsorption of Congo Red onto graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol/Fe3O4. Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption, 10, 31-35. https://doi.org/10.51316/jca.2021.086
Vũ, Đ. H, & Bùi, H. B. (2019). Chiết xuất SiO2 tinh khiết từ tro nhà máy nhiệt điện than. Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Mỏ - Địa chất, 60(1), 26-33. https://jmes.humg.edu.vn/images/paper/4._Vu_Dinh_Hieu_26-33.pdf
Xu, W., Cai, B., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Peng, H. (2024). The biochar derived from pecan shells for the removal of congo red: the effects of temperature and heating rate. Molecules, 29, 5532. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29235532
Yang, G., Wu, L., Xian, Q., Shen, F., Wu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Removal of Congo red and methylene blue from aqueous solutions by vermicompost-derived biochars. PLoS One, 11, 154562. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154562
Zhang, L., Tu, L. Y., Liang, Y., Chen, Q., Li, Z. S., Li, C. H., ... & Li, W. (2018). Coconut-based activated carbon fibers for efficient adsorption of various organic dyes. RSC Advances, 8, 42280-42291. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA08990F
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