Ước tính lượng phát thải khí nhà kính từ canh tác lúa 3 vụ tại huyện Tháp Mười, tỉnh Đồng Tháp

Abstract

This study evaluated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the triple rice cropping system in Truong Xuan and My Dong communes, Thap Muoi district, Dong Thap province. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with 80 farming households, combined with emission calculations following the IPCC (2006) guidelines. It focused on three major sources of emissions: post-harvest straw burning, continuously flooded rice fields, and the application of nitrogen-based fertilizers. Results indicated that the average total GHG emissions reached 7.258 tons of CO₂-eq/ha/year. Among these, straw burning was the dominant source, contributing 6.62 tons CO₂-eq/ha/year, followed by fertilizer use at 0.63 tons CO₂-eq/ha/year, while emissions from flooded rice cultivation were the lowest at 0.008 tons CO₂-eq/ha/year. The survey also revealed that nearly half of the households still practiced straw burning, mainly for residue management and weed control, although alternative practices such as straw incorporation, bio-decomposer application, or use as livestock feed have emerged. Thereby, the study suggests mitigation measures including minimizing straw burning, promoting efficient fertilizer use, and expanding low-emission rice cultivation models. These solutions are vital for reducing GHG emissions, supporting the implementation of Vietnam’s “One Million Hectares of Low-Emission Rice” program, and fostering sustainable agricultural development in the Mekong Delta.