Xây dựng hệ thống bài tập thực tiễn chủ đề “Các hình khối trong thực tiễn” Toán 9 theo hướng phát triển năng lực giải quyết vấn đề toán học cho học sinh

Abstract

In implementing the educational innovation orientation of the 2018 General Education Curriculum, mathematics teaching in schools has placed greater emphasis on fostering students’ qualities and developing their mathematical competencies, thereby yielding many positive changes in teaching practice. Among these, mathematical problem-solving competence is regarded as one of the core components of mathematical competence and has received considerable attention across various aspects of mathematics instruction. Based on the need to connect mathematical knowledge with real-life contexts, this paper proposes a procedure for developing a system of real-world tasks within the topic Solid Figures in Real Life, oriented toward enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving competence. This approach creates opportunities for students to apply geometric knowledge to identify, analyze, and solve practical situations related to everyday life. Grounded in both theoretical and practical considerations, the task system is designed together with an accompanying assessment rubric aligned with the competency development orientation and the expected learning outcomes for lower secondary students. Experimental results indicate that the proposed task system contributes to improving and enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving competence, increasing learning motivation among ninth-grade students, and supporting teachers in organizing mathematics teaching activities in lower secondary schools more effectively within the current context of educational reform.