Phát triển tư duy phản biện cho học sinh thông qua dạy học chủ đề “Đại số tổ hợp – Toán 10”

Abstract

In the context of educational reform, the development of critical thinking is an essential requirement for the holistic development of students' competencies and qualities. However, the actual practice of teaching mathematics in secondary schools is limited in cultivating critical thinking because students tend to approach knowledge in a one-dimensional way with little analysis, evaluation, or inquiry. Therefore, the study proposes several pedagogical measures to develop critical thinking through teaching the topic Combinatorics, Grade 10, a subject with the potential to stimulate and develop logical thinking, analysis, and problem-solving skills. The research employs methods of theoretical analysis and practical investigation. Accordingly, three measures are proposed: training students in the skill of purposefully asking questions; organizing discussions, dialogues, and debates for students; and fostering critical thinking through real-world combinatorics problems related to social issues. Critical thinking helps develop mathematical competencies by supporting students in analyzing, evaluating, and reasoning logically in problem-solving, constructing accurate mathematical models, communicating effectively, and using mathematical tools optimally and appropriately.